You can have the fastest CPU and terabytes of RAM, but if storage can’t handle the I/O load, your database will be slow. Fibre Channel SAN is the enterprise standard.
IOPS¶
Oracle generates random I/O. 15K RPM SAS: 180 IOPS, SSD: 5–50K+. For 3,000 IOPS you need 24 drives in RAID 10. Plan for 150 percent.
RAID for Oracle¶
Data files: RAID 10. Redo logs: RAID 1 on a separate disk group. Backup: RAID 5/6.
ASM¶
Oracle ASM for production — automatic striping, mirroring, rebalancing. ext4 on LVM for dev/test.
Monitoring¶
iostat: await under 10 ms, %util under 80 percent. SAN management console for per-LUN metrics.
Summary¶
Measure IOPS before sizing. RAID 10 for data. Monitor latency. Plan for growth.
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