MQTT 5 — Protocol for IoT Communication in Production

MQTT 5 in enterprise IoT: QoS levels, shared subscriptions, session management. HiveMQ, EMQX, Mosquitto — broker comparison and best practices for scaling.

Why MQTT 5 Is Key in 2026¶

The technological landscape has changed dramatically in the past two years. MQTT 5 has moved from the experimental phase to mainstream enterprise deployment. Organizations that ignore this trend risk accumulating technical debt that will become increasingly difficult to catch up with.

According to current surveys, 67% of enterprise organizations plan to invest in MQTT, IoT, Messaging technologies throughout 2026. This isn’t a passing trend — it’s a response to real business problems: growing system complexity, pressure for faster delivery, security and compliance requirements, and the need to scale with limited human resources.

In the Czech context, we see specific challenges: smaller teams with higher responsibility, the need to integrate with existing systems, regulatory requirements (NIS2, DORA, GDPR), and limited budgets compared to Western Europe. MQTT 5 offers answers to these challenges — if you know how to deploy it correctly.

This article will give you a practical framework for implementation, specific tools, and real experiences from enterprise deployments.

Basic Architecture and Concepts¶

Before diving into implementation, we need a common vocabulary. Protocol for IoT communication in production stands on several key principles:

Principle 1: Modularity and separation of concerns. Each component has a clearly defined role and interface. This enables independent development, testing, and deployment. In practice, this means an API-first approach, clear contracts between teams, and versioned interfaces.

Principle 2: Observability by default. A system you can’t see, you can’t control. Metrics, logs, and traces must be an integral part of the architecture from day one — not an afterthought added after the first production incident.

Principle 3: Automate everything repeatable. Manual processes are a single point of failure. CI/CD, infrastructure as code, automated testing, automated security scanning — everything you do more than twice should be automated.

Principle 4: Security as an enabler, not a blocker. Security controls must be integrated into developer workflow — not as a gate at the end of the pipeline, but as guardrails that guide developers in the right direction.

These principles aren’t theoretical. They are lessons learned from dozens of enterprise implementations where we’ve seen what works and what doesn’t.